Table of Contents
What is the basis of Jaina philosophy of dual existence?
One of the main features of Jain philosophy is its dualistic metaphysics, which holds that there are two distinct categories of existence, the living, conscious or sentient being (jiva) and the non-living or material (ajiva).
Why Jains are so successful?
Patel said Jains have made a great impact on the business fabric of western India. “A study had suggested that Jains are more likely to be self-employed compared to other communities. Researchers say the factors that led to success are entrepreneurial sprit, urbanization and joint family culture extended to business.
What are two principles that Jains Jainism must follow?
Jainism is a religion of self-help. There are no gods or spiritual beings that will help human beings. The three guiding principles of Jainism, the ‘three jewels’, are right belief, right knowledge and right conduct. The supreme principle of Jain living is non violence (ahimsa).
How is Jainism organized?
The Jain community or Sangha is typically divided into four distinct categories, basically householders and ascetics, of both genders. The ascetics have renounced all possessions and relationships with the material world, called taking Diksha, under the auspices of the head of a particular order, known as an Acharya.
What are the 4 basic principles of Jainism?
These are non-violence (ahimsa); non-attachment (aparigraha); not lying (satya); not stealing (asteya); and sexual restraint (brahmacharya), with celibacy the ideal.
How does Jainism relate to the law of substance dualism?
Jainism is transtheistic and forecasts that the universe evolves without violating the law of substance dualism, auto executed through the middle ground between the principles of parallelism and interactionism. Dravya means substances or entity in Sanskrit.
Is there such a thing as a Jain God?
The rest of the inhabitable universe may contain gods or other spirits. While Jainism is dualistic—that is, matter and souls are thought to be entirely different types of substance—it is frequently said to be atheistic. What is denied is a creator god above all. The universe is eternal, matter and souls being equally uncreated.
What does Jainism say about the evolution of Souls?
Jainism states that souls begin in a primordial state, and either evolve to a higher state or regress if driven by their karma. It further clarifies that abhavya (incapable) souls can never attain moksha (liberation). It explains that the abhavya state is entered after an intentional and shockingly evil act.
What are the internal and external austerities of Jainism?
Lists of internal and external austerities in Jainism varies with the text and tradition. Asceticism is viewed as a means to control desires, and a means to purify the jiva (soul).