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What is the mitochondrial DNA?
Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria. The mitochondria are organelles found in cells that are the sites of energy production. The mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA, are passed from mother to offspring.
What is mitochondrial DNA derived from?
Our mitochondrial DNA accounts for a small portion of our total DNA. It contains just 37 of the 20,000 to 25,000 protein-coding genes in our body. But it is notably distinct from DNA in the nucleus. Unlike nuclear DNA, which comes from both parents, mitochondrial DNA comes only from the mother.
Is mitochondrial DNA SS or DS?
Human mitochondria maintain closed-circular, double-stranded DNA molecules of 16,569 base pairs, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In contrast to diploid nuclear DNA, mtDNA is a multi-copy genome, and typically exists as 103–104 copies per cell.
What is the structure of mitochondrial DNA?
The human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a double-stranded, circular molecule of 16569 bp and contains 37 genes coding for two rRNAs, 22 tRNAs and 13 polypeptides. The mtDNA-encoded polypeptides are all subunits of enzyme complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation system.
Does mother pass on mitochondrial DNA?
Unlike nuclear DNA, which is passed down from both the mother and the father, mitochondrial DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother. This would indicate that the two systems are inherited independently, so that there should be no association between an individual’s nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.
Which is the correct description of the Z DNA structure?
The Z-DNA structure. Z-DNA is one of the many possible double helical structures of DNA. It is a left-handed double helical structure in which the helix winds to the left in a zigzag pattern, instead of to the right, like the more common B-DNA form.
Which is the best description of B form DNA?
B-form DNA 1 B-DNA is the Watson–Crick form of the double helix that most people are familiar with. 2 They proposed two strands of DNA — each in a right‑hand helix — wound around the same axis. 3 The two strands of the duplex are antiparallel and plectonemically coiled. Weitere Artikel…
How are two strands of B form DNA held together?
B-form DNA B-DNA is the Watson–Crick form of the double helix that most people are familiar with. They proposed two strands of DNA — each in a right‑hand helix — wound around the same axis. The two strands are held together by H‑bonding between the bases (in anti-conformation).
When is the Z-DNA sequence downstream of the promoter?
Z-DNA sequences downstream of promoter regions have been shown to stimulate transcription. The greatest increase in activity is observed when the Z-DNA sequence is placed three helical turns after the promoter sequence.