Table of Contents
Where is most ATP synthesis likely to occur?
The majority of ATP synthesis occurs in cellular respiration within the mitochondrial matrix: generating approximately thirty-two ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is oxidized.
Where does ATP synthesis occur in eukaryotes?
Where is ATP made in a eukaryotic cell? In a eukaryotic cell, biochemical activities are compartmentalized in small subcellular compartments call organelles. ATP, the energy currency of the cell, is made in an organelle called the “mitochondrium” (pl. “mitochondria”).
Why do prokaryotes have more ATP than eukaryotes?
Complete answer: In prokaryotes, there are no mitochondria, the whole process of respiration occurs within the cytoplasm so no ATP is consumed in transporting across the organelle. Therefore, 38 ATPs are made from one glucose in bacteria while 36 are made in a eukaryotic cell.
Where does this process occur in prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. This is impossible in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in a membrane-bound nucleus while translation occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.
What is needed for the synthesis of ATP?
ATP is synthesized by the enzyme F1F0-ATP synthase. This enzyme, the smallest-known molecular machine, couples proton translocation through its membrane-embedded, hydrophobic domain, F0, to the synthesis of ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) in its soluble, hydrophilic headpiece, F1.
What is responsible for synthesizing ATP?
ATP is synthesized from its precursor, ADP, by ATP synthases. These enzymes are found in the cristae and the inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, and the plasma membrane of bacteria [5]. Usually, there is a general understanding that ATP generation occurs in mitochondria.
How can ATP be produced?
Most of the ATP in cells is produced by the enzyme ATP synthase, which converts ADP and phosphate to ATP. The three processes of ATP production include glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In eukaryotic cells the latter two processes occur within mitochondria.
Why do prokaryotes make more ATP?
Prokaryotes lack mitochondria and instead produce their ATP on their cell surface membrane. The thinking is that producing ATP on dedicated membranes inside the cell, rather than on the cell surface, boosted the amount of energy available to eukaryotic cells and allowed them to diversify more.